Version: 15012003
Editor: Franka Pals
Publisher: Novamedia
Disclaimer: Novamedia disclaims all liability for information provided within the "Novamedia European Gaming and Lottery Files".The information is supplied by independent journalistic sources. No parts of these files may be reproduced in any form by print, photo print, microfilm or otherwise, or re-distributed electronically in any form without written permission from the publisher.
The Federal Republic of Germany, or as the Germans say the 'Bundesrepublik Deutschland', is the only country in Europe, which became larger at the end of the 20th century. This in sharp contrast with the European 'disbanding' trends, of Yugoslavia, the USSR and Czechoslovakia. The enlargement was caused, of course, by the unification of West Germany and East-Germany (October 3rd, 1990). Thanks to: glasnost (openness), perestroika (progress), USSR's President Mr. Mikhail Gorbachov and the Chancellor of the German Federal Republic Helmut Kohl.
By the unification Germany became even more the Heart of Europe, the most populous nation with the largest European economy.
Germany is neighbored by, in the North Denmark and clockwise Baltic Sea, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, The Netherlands and the North Sea. Within the borders of the Federal Republic are 16 States, the so-called Bundes Länder, with their own jurisdictions: Baden-Wuerttemberg, Bayern, Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Schleswig-Holstein, Thüringen.
Articles 92-96 of the German Constitution (Grundgesetz) deals with the court structure in Germany. As a Federal Republic, Germany's courts are divided between the Federation (Bund) and the States (Länder). On the federal level there is a supreme court for each of the five major jurisdictions, in addition to the Federal Constitutional Court. Other than a few other courts (such as military tribunals and the Federal Patent Court) named specifically in the Constitution, these are the only Federal Courts permitted to set up another would require a constitutional amendment. All other courts are therefore courts of the Bundes Länder.
Germany is a wine and and even more a beer country. Nearly all small towns used to have at least one local brewery. Now there are still more than 100 German brewers. The most famous, international names are: Becks, Bitburger, Krombacher, Löwenbräu and Warsteiner. However in Germany you can still order an Adler, a Barre, a Diebels, a Herforder, a König, a Paulaner, a Schweiger, a Wittichenauer, a Zehendner, etc. Good idea to market a series of sponsored scratch cards with German beer labels? With special prizes, such as a crate beer, visiting a brewery, exclusive beer glasses, etc.
The mother of all beer parties is of course the 'Oktoberfestspiel' in München. One should be able to sell a lot off beer scratch cards there!
At its introduction in 1988 the DAX was the only representative of what during the subsequent years became a family of stock market indexes. Besides the DAX, the German Stock Exchange publishes the XETRA-DAX, which is a calculation based on the early-morning opening (that is the pre-physical market trading) and lateafternoon close (that is, the post-physical market trading) of the 30 DAX stocks in the XETRA electronic trading system. In addition, the German Stock Exchange index family now comprises the DAX 100, the midcap index MDAX, and the Composite DAX (CDAX), which is subdivided into 16 branch indexes.
The Deutsche Börse Group provides access to capital markets for companies and investors. The Deutsche Börse combines the entire spectrum of services and system applications required to this end under one roof: from securities and derivatives trading through clearing and the provision of market information to systems development.
The Xetra trading platform has made Deutsche Börse the second-largest fully electronic cash market in the world.
Ten years after the establishment of its predecessor, DTB Deutsche Terminbörse, Eurex now operates the world's largest derivatives market.
Frankfort is the financial capital of Europe and is the home of the German Stock Exchange and the European Central Bank (ECB). The European System of Central Banks (ESCB) is composed of the European Central Bank and the national central banks (NCBs) of all 15 EU Member States.
| Population: | 83,251,851 (July 2002 est.) |
|---|---|
| Age Structure | 0-14 years: 15.4% (male 6,568,699; female 6,227,148) |
| Currency: | Euro 1 Euro (EUR) = 0.97759 US Dollar (USD) 1 US Dollar = 1.02292 Euro (Wednesday, October 23, 2002) |
| GPD | purchasing power parity – $2.174 trillion (2001 est.) GDP – real growth rate: 0.6% (2001 est.) GDP – per capita: purchasing power parity – $26,200 (2001 est.) |
| Internet: | According to a poll, conducted in May 2002, by eMind@emnid, the Internet research department of TNS EMNID, 26.7 million German Internet users older than 13 were online. This is 3 million users more than in the previous year. Former East Germany has a 37 per cent Internet penetration and former West-Germany 43 per cent rate. More than 4.5 million senior or 'silver' surfers, aged over 50, are now online, according a research by Feierabend.com and Deutsche Telekom. 3 per cent of Internet users in Germany in 1995 were aged 50 or over. However, senior or 'silver' surfers now account for twenty per cent of the German online population and that figure is predicted to increase by 5 per cent in the next year. With a 37 per cent Internet penetration rate, East Germany has fallen behind West Germany with a 43 per cent rate. That digital gap extends to the old federal states in general, eMind@emnid said. The area stretching from Schleswig-Holstein to Bavaria had a high number of Internet users, while those in Northrhine-Westfalia, Rhineland-Pfalz and Saarland tend to refuse Internet access. |
| Telephones | Mobile penetration (Source: German Regulatory Body) |
| Other | Telecoms (German UMTS 4. License holders, Licensees, Main Shareholder(s), Costs)
(Source: World Telecoms Online) |
The Federal 'Rennwett- und Lotteriegesetz' RennwLottG (RGBl I S. 393), Horseracing- and Lottery legislation, dating from April 8th, 1922, is still in power. Over the years minor adaptations have been made in the legislation. One of those changes was, on request of the State Schleswig-Holstein (1999), to alter the law in that way, that it became legal to play Oddset sports betting in Germany. Another recent change was the replacement of the German Mark by the Euro.
Gambling for money is forbidden by law in Germany, with the exclusion of some games, lotteries, sports bets, casinos and betting on racehorses, which are allowed by licenses.
In this federal act, which is mainly a description of tax measures, it is laid down how the Totalisator and the Bookmakers are regulated. The Totalisator has to pay to the Federal Government a tax of 16 2/3 percent of the turnover. The horse betting is organized directly on the racetrack or by (I) bookmakers, who take approximately 35 % of the total result.
The Lottery tax to be remitted to the Minister of Finance of the Federal State is in general 20 %. There is no income tax for prizewinners. However should a German win a prize outside Germany the tax is 0.25 ¤ for every Euro of the amount value of the prize.
Lotteries, in the form of draws of Silverware and other expensive products, were already used to finance emergencies in Augsburg in 1470, in Erfurt in 1477, in Nürnberg in 1487, in Köln in 1502 and in Osnabrück 1521. From Holland via Hamburg in 1610 the ClassLottery was introduced, from Italy in Vienna (Austria) in 1751 and in Berlin in 1763 the numberlotto was imported in Germany. History tells further that in 1735 the Kurfürst (elector) of Bayern and later the German Emperor Kaiser Karl VII were the first men granting Loto concessions.
In Nordrhein-Westfalen a clergyman was successful with his number Lotto: Archbishop Clemens August von Wittelsbach established the Cur-Cöllnische Number Lotto and also he introduced the 'Archbishop's State Lottery' to the Münster area.
One could say that a new industry was born. At the end of 1700 there were in Germany around 30 lottery companies in 40 cities. Part of that 'gambling' industry, was also the casinos/roulettes, directly related to and owned by the so-called "Kur Ort's". Those - avant la lettre- classy health centers were located in very attractive parks (Kur Park) and in those spacious parks the so-called 'Spielbanken' (casinos) were the center of mondain entertainment. In those Kur Orts, where the 'patients' stayed for at least three or four weeks, the medical treatments existed mainly of taking all kind of medicinal baths with curative powers. That's how so many German cities got the word 'bad' (bath) attached to their names, when they fulfilled a set of preconditions of being a real Kur Ort. So, city names including the word 'Bad', such as the old Bad Homburg, Bad Pyrmont, Wiesbaden and Baden- Baden, is a good indicator that in that city is a Spielbank and a Kurt Ort, of course.
Around 1800 the number lotto's were abolished in nearly the whole of Europe, this due to the ecclesiastical Puritan Movements. This was also the case in Germany. Under the reign of Bismarck in 1872 all forms of 'gambling' were forbidden.
In 1881 the embargo on gambling was lifted and a law to stamp the lottery tickets and a gambling tax was introduced for lotteries. And ten years later a law on horse bet racing came into force, including a tax on horse betting Totalisator tax). The totalisator from then on was regulated with new 'machinery' to be able to pay out quickly and correctly immediately after the race. The 'Rennwettund Lotteriegesetz' from 1922 was the logical successor.
After World War II the German State had no financial means to support the rebuilding of sports organizations. The sports associations, out of necessity, had to rely on their own actions to generate money. The founding in 1948 and 1949 of the footballtotos in all the Bundes Länder gave a financial relief.
On October 9th, 1955, Lotto 6 out off 49 was launched in Hamburg. Four Bundes Länder were participating: Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein und Bayern.
In May 2000 the 'Deutsche Lotto- und Toto Block', DLTB (German Lotto- and Totoblock) introduced for all associated countries i-gaming. The DLTB, a cooperation of all the 16 Lotto- and Toto companies, combines (internet) Lotto and Toto products and sales.
In Germany there are two Class Lotteries:
The members of the Deutschen Lotto- und Totoblock (DLTB), a cooperation of all the 16 Lotto- and Toto companies, combine (Internet) Lotto and Toto products and sales. They retain complete independence but pool their stakes and operate common rules for participation in the games per state jurisdiction. Every member gets its own stake of the turnover coming from his or her common products.
The DLTB was founded already in 1955. From 1959 all eleven Lotto companies of the then German states joined the block. From 1993 the Lotto companies of the so-called new Bundesländer united with the DLTB, as well.
The Block agreement is a treaty between all the independent Lotto companies, constituting a civil law association: 'Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts (GbR).'In 2000 the Block started with Internetgaming. Every three years there is another Lotto- and Toto company managing/coordinating (Federführung) the Block. From 2001 the Lotto-Toto Sachsen-Anhalt is responsible for the Block's organisation.
The advantage for the players, of course, is due to the greater market higher prizes and Jack Pots. Products are also the same in all the Bundes Länder.
All German Loto and Toto organizations have besides the common Block-products their own gaming products (for instance: Bingo) and every operator has its own scratchcard-products.
The turnover of the Block in 2001:8,5 billion. Euro (16,6 billion. DM). In 2000: approx. 8.1 billion Euro (15.9. billion. DM).
There is still a great difference in the average players' stake. In 2001 the average stake of a player of the old Bundesländer was 4.14 DM (2.1 Euro) and players coming from the new states spend 2.50 (1.28 Euro) per bet/ capita.
Lotto-Toto Sachsen-Anhalt has only a staff of 90 persons. This is including the Blockco-operators.
website: www.skl.de
The sales organization the Klassenlotterie GmbH & Co. KG where the incoming Internet lottery orders are collected, exists nowadays out off 50 so called Staatlichen Lotterie-Einnahmen, LE, (State Lottery Collection Points) with the seats in the mentioned States. The cooperation of these Sales points is known as the advertising pool 'Werbepool der Staatlichen Lotterie- Einnahmen der Süddeutschen', represented by Werbepool der Staatlichen Lotterie-Einnahmen der Süddeutschen Klassenlotterie Verwaltungs-GmbH and are on its turn represented by the State Accredited Lottery Agents, licensed by German State Government Officials, Dr. Gerd Glöckle, Gert Elfering, Dipl.-Kfm. Frank Haritz and Walther Günther, the so called 'State Accredited Lottery Agents'.
Tickets are sold worldwide. And money prizewinners always receive the full amount with no deductions of any kind. In 1985 the SKL entered The Guinness Book of Records for the largest amount of winnings.
The SKL Class lottery is a weekly ongoing lottery for a period of 6 months. Prizes for this lottery alone total more than 888 million Euro and individual prizes run as high as 12.5 million Euro. The drawings are held publicly in Munich under the supervision of Government Fiscal Authorities. A single ticket can win multiple prizes. An extremely lucky ticket can win up to 22 times in each class. Payment can be made in U.S. funds. After receiving the invoice payment can be made with one personal check, cashier's check, travelers' check, or bank transfer.
For the 112th lottery game, starting from December 2002, 1,629,684 individual prizes will be distributed over the limited edition of 2.500.000 different ticket numbers in the following:
On top there will be 272 prizes determined in special draws and TV drawing shows to the total value of Euro 9,301,000.
Total sum to be won: Euro 888,251,000 officially guaranteed by the Länder of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saxony and Thuringia.
Tickets can be purchased as whole tickets or as ticket shares to the value of 10% respectively. Ticket shares are numbered all the way through per ticket number from 1 to 10 (designation of shares). The price for a whole ticket is Euro 125. per month, based on a participation in the lottery from 1.class onwards, i.e. for each single ticket share Euro 12.50 per month.
Tickets will win according to their proportionate value: Whole tickets = 100%, ticket shares = 10% respectively. If a non-cash prize or a prize determinated in a special draw is assigned to a ticket number having several owners, a single ticket share will be determinated separately the prize will be assigned to.
Website: www.nkl-lotterie.de
The 'Nordwestdeutsche Klassenlotterie', NKL, (NorthWest German Classlottery) was founded in 1947. NKL is the state lottery of the following 10 states: Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Lower-Saxony, Northrhine-Westfalia, Saarland, Saxony-Anhalt and Schleswig-Holstein.
The NKL is a common public company owned by the above-mentioned German States. The profit flows to the public treasury of the NKL-countries. However the lots may only be sold by State Accredited Lottery Agents (90), established in the participating countries. Everyone in Germany may participate.
The NKL lottery has 6 Classes, playing rounds, with a main prize of 10 million Euros. Every month one Class is played. At moment of writing this file the 109th version of the NKL lottery is played from October 1st, 2002, till March 31st, 2003. In total 3,000,000 tickets have been sold. One complete ticket costs 140.00 ¤. On those lots 1,741,274 money prizes will fall and 5,590 non-money prizes will be paid out, such as cars, travels, houses and 26 10-year interest prizes.
The number of prizes is 1,746,890 with a face value of 1.3 billion Euro. In every class there is a daily draw including the 'Daily Million'. One ticket is participating in each and every class.
Website: www.nklcyberlotterie.de
In a drive to rejuvenate its buyers group, the youngest age of the typical NKL player has so far been 35 years, the NKL management introduced on June 11th, 2001, a new independent Internet game: 'nklcyberlotterie.'
Dr. Rüdiger Kroll, spokesman of the company's board of management: "For us the Internet is not a technical end in itself. From the point of view of marketing, the Internet allows us to address new target groups to whom we have so far had only limited access for our classical NKL brand.
Whereas the youngest age of the typical NKL player has so far been 35, the age of the typical Internet user means that we can now reckon with accessing target groups of under 30 whom we can then win over for the NKL's classical main product during the course of time and also earlier than previously."
The 'nkl-cyberlotterie' runs for four weeks. With one lot of 28 Euro one plays daily 28 times. Every month there is a new lottery. The main prize is 50,000 Euro. Winning chance: over 50%. With one correct final digit one can already win a bonus ticket. Those who wish to increase their chances, e.g. to 89.5 % can play three different ticket numbers.
The technical procedure for the lottery is as follows:
The Gross Turnover in 2001 of the Nordwestdeutsche Klassenlotterie: EUR 715 million. (In 2000: EUR 670 million.).
Beneficiaries: Ministries of Finance of 10 German Federal States.
The law on casino's is 'Spielbankengesetz SpBG' and came into power at January 1, 2002. Each state, however, has its own 'spielbankengsetze' (Law on casino's). So all the governments of the Bundesländer can decide where and how many casinos can be operated. States are also allowed to own and operate casinos. Above that the states have to control the casinos. The ministries of interior issue the concessions (Spielbankerlaubnisse). Players from outside Germany are by law allowed top play in German casinos.
The legislation of all the separate states will be published state by state.
Each Bundesland has its own jurisdiction and will get its own file on The European Gaming and Lottery Files (www.europeangamingandlotteryfiles.com).